The purine and pyrimidine nucleotides which occur most frequently in the nucleic acids of cells are illustrated in figure 6. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Ppt nucleic acid metabolism powerpoint presentation. Substrates building blocks for nucleic acid biosynthesis and repair, the main storage form of high energy phosphate, components of many socalled coenzymes nad, nadp, fad, coa, components of many activated metabolic intermediates such as udpg, sam. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components. Most disorders of purine metabolism are expressed by a considerable variation in serum urate concentration and urinary uric acid excretion, since uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism in human beings see fig. In this article we will discuss about the process of biosynthesis of nucleic acids. Nucleotide synthesis is an anabolic mechanism generally involving the chemical reaction of phosphate, pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base. Thus, to make nucleic acids for cell proliferation purposes, cells have to upregulate both energy metabolism and the nucleotide biosynthetic pathways. Nucleic acids are the biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life.
Replication, repair, and recombinationthe three main processes of dna metabolismare carried out by specialized machinery within the cell. A nucleic acid is a polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides. Ppt nucleic acid metabolism powerpoint presentation free to download id. Nucleic acid, naturally occurring chemical compound that is capable of being broken down to yield phosphoric acid, sugars, and a mixture of organic bases purines and pyrimidines. Ppt nucleotide metabolism powerpoint presentation free. Ribonucleotides have a 2oh deoxyribonucleotides have a 2h. Nucleotide metabolism mark rush nucleotides serve various metabolic functions. The sequence of nitrogenous bases in dna determines the protein development in new. The latter are composed of a fivecarbon sugar dribose or ddeoxyribose linked both to a nitrogen base purine or pyrimidine and a phosphate group nucleosides are nucleotides without this phosphate group. There are two kinds of nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid dna and ribonucleic acid rna. Narrator we are now going to talk about what is perhaps the most important macro molecule in life, and that is known as nucleic acid.
Purine metabolism disorder an overview sciencedirect. Fat and protein metabolism questions practice khan academy. Folic acid, vitamin b 12 and nucleic acid synthesis in. Nucleic acid metabolism pbsctc302 intermediary metabolism m. The 4th type of macromolecules the chemical link between generations the source of genetic information in chromosomes what do they do. Regulation of mammalian nucleotide metabolism and biosynthesis. Nucleic acid terminal protection is based on the protection of a nucleic acid from degradation or extension by tethering or modification of the nucleic acid terminus with a small molecule. Indeed, the ability to salvage nucleotides from sources within the body alleviates any significant nutritional requirement for nucleotides, thus the purine and pyrimidine bases are not required in the diet. Nucleic acid nd proein synthesis the following three processes are involved in duplication, transfer, and use of genetic information. This and other functional relationships between folic acid and vitamin b 12 6 suggested an investigation of their effects, singly and together, on nucleic acid metabolism. A detailed clinical study from a given patient may disclose whether he or she has a congenital or an acquired disease. The role of rna in protein synthesis was suspected already in 1939. Thymidylate synthesis and cancer chemotherapy thymidylate synthase is target for fluorouracil action is 5fluorouracil 5fuis converted to 5fluoro2deoxyuridylate dump structural analog then 5fluoro2deoxyuridylate binds to the enzyme thymidylate synthase and undergoes a partial.
Hyperuricemia and gout gout also called urate crystal deposition disease is a condition characterized by hyperuricemia high levels of uric acid the deposition of monosodium urate and uric acid crystals in tissues as a result of. Know the three chemical components of a nucleotide. Nucleic acids metabolism november 17, 20 6 degradation of purine nucleosides the end product of purine nucleotide catabolism is uric acid urate. The following points highlight the six major diseases caused due to errors in nucleic acid metabolism. They are believed to be the first biomolecules to support life as it is typically defined. Nucleic acids are macromolecules, huge polymers with molecular masses of over 100 million. A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of basepairs signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a dna using gact or rna gacu molecule. Additionally, parts of the nucleotides or nucleobases. Dna and rna are nucleic acids, long, threadlike polymers made up of a linear array of monomers called nucleotides all nucleotides contain three components. Because nucleic acids are normally linear unbranched polymers. Nucleotides and nucleic acids chapter 8 lehninger 5th ed. Download figure open in new tab download powerpoint. Fat and protein metabolism questions if youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. Well scientists first observed this in the nucleus of cells and so thats where you get the nucleic part.
The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. Overview nucleotides serve as building blocks for rna and dna. This lecture explains about the mechanism of purine biosynthesis pathway. Formate is supplied in the form of n10formyltetrahydrofolate. Compare and contrast ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides. View and download powerpoint presentations on nucleic acid metabolism ppt. Disorders of nucleic acid metabolism hyperuricemia,hypouricemia,gout. In 1953, a team including james watson, francis crick and rosalind franklin accurately described the structure of dna, or deoxyribonucleic acid. The mechanisms by which genetic information is transmitted during reproduction and cell division and by which nucleic acids are replicated and nucleic acids and proteins are synthesized and degraded and by which these processes are controlled are so complex chemically that there are, consequently, many sites at which foreign compounds including drugs may have a direct effect on the. Nucleotides energy rich compounds chemical signals enzyme cofactors nucleic acids dna and rna polymers of nucleotides 3 components nitrogenous base ribose or deoxyribose phosphate bases ribose carbons numbered. Dna must be replicated accurately in order to ensure the integrity of the genetic code.
Identify phosphoester bonding patterns and nglycosidic bonds within nucleotides. What is nucleic acid and its historical perspective u initially, nucleic acid was known by the term nuclein by friedrich miescher, a 25year old swiss chemist, isolated nuclei from pus cells white blood corpuscles and found that they contained a unknown phosphate. Ctp inhibits, favors purines feedback inhibition occurs with. Composition of nucleic acids a nucleic acid polymer, polynucleotide,forms from the nucleotide monomers when the phosphate of one nucleotide bonds to the sugar of the next nucleotide. Nucleic acids are the main informationcarrying molecules of the cell, and, by directing the process of protein synthesis, they determine the inherited characteristics of every living thing. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about nucleic acid metabolism ppt. And it has some acidic properties and so thats where. This degradation is taking place mainly in the liver. The term nucleic acid is the overall name for dna and rna.
Quantitation is performed on either a colorimetric or fluorescencebased microplate reader. Purine synthesis is required to make nucleic acid structures like dna and rna in cell that will be required as genetic material in cell. Kinds of nucleic acids dna deoxyribonucleic acid found only inside the nucleus of the cell. By convention, sequences are usually presented from the 5 end to the 3 end. Uric acid, a waste product of nucleic acids, accumulates in the sinovial joints of the body and irritates them causing inflammation. For nucleic acid biosynthesis, which is energetically costly, the nucleotide synthesis consumes 0.
Nucleic acids and nucleotides methabolism slideshare. Nucleic acids are molecules that store and transmit hereditary information and energy in living things. The relevance of the proper metabolism regulation of nucleobasecontaining compounds for pathogen survival within the host was postulated earlier, since defects in nucleic acid metabolism may lead. Purines are key components of cellular energy systems eg, atp, nad, signaling eg, gtp, camp, cgmp, and, along with pyrimidines, rna and dna production. Introduction to nucleic acids and nucleotides video. What is nucleic acid and its historical perspective u initially, nucleic acid was known by the term nuclein by friedrich miescher, a 25year old swiss chemist, isolated nuclei from pus cells white blood corpuscles and found that they contained a unknown phosphaterich substance, which he named nuclein. Nucleic acid terminal protection provides a promising strategy for specific, sensitive detection of the binding events between small molecules and their protein targets, and has been applied in. Dna is a permanent storage place for genetic information. Synthesis of purine nucleotides two ways of biosynthesis.
Overview of purine and pyrimidine metabolism disorders. Iron metabolism was studied in 205 primary patients with hereditary hlaassociated hemochromatosis. Study of the changes in the purine content in foods after heat cooking tomoko fukuuchi, madoka iwasaki, noriko yamaoka, kiyoko kaneko title in japanese katsuyo yasunaga. Errors that creep in during replication or because of damage after replication must be repaired. If the sugar is a compound ribose, the polymer is rna ribonucleic acid. The circumstantial evidence nucleic acid structure nucleotide structure ribose is a. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect.
Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. We now know that nucleic acids are found throughout a cell, not just in the nucleus, the name nucleic acid is still used for such materials. Normal blood level of uric acid ranges from 25 mgdl in females, and 37 mgdl in males. Metabolism with clinical correlations metabolism4 protein and nucleic acids metabolism. Nucleic acid metabolism is the process by which nucleic acids dna and rna are synthesized and degraded. Our assays are performed in a convenient 96well plate format. Thymidylate synthesis and cancer chemotherapy thymidylate synthase is target for fluorouracil action is 5fluorouracil 5fuis converted to 5fluoro2deoxyuridylate dump structural analog then 5fluoro2deoxyuridylate binds to the enzyme thymidylate synthase and undergoes a.
Nucleic acids were first isolated from the cellular nucleus, hence the name. Nucleic acids are biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life. Metabolism of nucleic acids metabolism of nucleic acids 4 antagonists of deoxy nucleotide biosynthesis 4. Disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism harrisons. The treatment for this is completely different from osteoarthritis or rheumathoid arthritis and the drug often prescribed for this is. They are composed of monomers, which are nucleotides made of three components. Figure 2 shows a general overview of plant nucleotide metabolism. Nucleotides are the building blocks of the nucleic acids dna and rna. Dictate aminoacid sequence in proteins give information to chromosomes, which is then passed from parent to offspring what are they made of. Nucleic acid nucleotides phosphoric acid nucleosides sugar ribose or deoxyribose purine guanine and adenine pyrimidine base cytosine, uracil or thymine 11.
Destruction of nucleic acid is a catabolic reaction. Nucleic acids dna rna are long chains of repeated nucleotides a nucleotide consists of. Ppt nucleotide metabolism powerpoint presentation free to download id. Dna controls the synthesis of rna ribonucleic acid.
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